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Dr. Chaitanya Chittimuri Cardiac Surgeon
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Treatments & Procedures by Dr. Chaitanya

We offer a comprehensive range of advanced cardiac procedures in Vizag (Visakhapatnam) at MGM Seven Hills Hospital, combining AIIMS-trained surgical precision with state-of-the-art technology.

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Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery in Vizag - Dr. Chaitanya

Coronary Care Consultation

Personalized evaluation for bypass and coronary revascularization by Dr. Chaitanya at MGM Seven Hills Hospital, Vizag (Visakhapatnam).

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1. Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)

Comprehensive surgical revascularization creating alternative blood pathways to restore essential blood supply to ischemic heart muscle.

Common signs include severe chest pain or pressure (angina), breathlessness on mild exertion, chronic fatigue, and heart palpitations caused by critical atheromatous narrowing across one or more coronary arteries.

Healthy blood vessel conduits (such as the internal mammary artery, radial artery, or saphenous vein) are precisely grafted beyond the coronary blockages, channeling oxygen-rich blood directly to downstream myocardium.

Surgical planning incorporates advanced techniques including Endoscopic Vein Harvesting (EVH), multi-arterial revascularization, beating-heart (OPCAB) methods, and minimally invasive access where appropriate.

Advanced Integrated CABG Modalities:
  • Endoscopic Vein Harvesting (EVH): Camera-assisted minimally invasive vein retrieval through tiny leg incisions.
  • Total Arterial Revascularization: Multi-arterial grafting (LIMA, RIMA, Radial Artery) for long-term patency.
  • Off-Pump CABG (OPCAB): Beating-heart bypass surgery avoiding the heart-lung machine.
  • MIDCAB: Sternal-sparing bypass via a small left mini-thoracotomy incision.
Average hospital stay is 5 to 7 days, beginning in specialized cardiac surgical ICU care. Full physical recovery and return to regular activities typically take 6 to 10 weeks, assisted by individualized cardiac rehabilitation.
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Endoscopic Vein Harvesting (EVH)

Camera-assisted minimally invasive vein retrieval through small leg incisions, reducing wound size and promoting faster recovery.

Traditional vein harvesting requires continuous long incisions along the entire leg or thigh, which can cause significant wound pain, swelling, and delayed walking. EVH was engineered to avoid these extensive incisions.

Through a single ~1 cm micro-incision near the knee, an illuminated high-definition endoscopic camera and specialized harvesting tool are guided along the saphenous vein tract to retrieve high-quality graft tissue safely.

  • Significantly lower incidence of leg wound complications and infection
  • Minimal post-operative leg discomfort and swelling
  • Discreet cosmetic outcome with minimal scarring
  • Earlier mobilization and physical independence post-surgery
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Total Arterial Revascularization

Multi-arterial bypass using LIMA, RIMA and Radial Artery grafts, offering excellent long-term graft patency in appropriately selected patients.

Particularly advantageous for younger, active patients, patients with multi-vessel diffuse coronary disease, or individuals requiring bypass revascularization with maximum decades-long durability.

Utilizes exclusively arterial conduits:

  • LIMA: Left Internal Mammary Artery (gold-standard bypass conduit)
  • RIMA: Right Internal Mammary Artery
  • Radial Artery: Precision-harvested forearm arterial conduit
Arterial grafts are biologically engineered to withstand physiological arterial pressures, yielding superior 10- and 20-year patency rates compared to standard saphenous vein grafts and reducing the necessity for future repeat interventions.
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Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass (OPCAB)

Beating-heart coronary bypass surgery performed without the use of the cardiopulmonary bypass machine.

Ideal for patients with calcified ascending aorta (porcelain aorta), renal insufficiency, elderly individuals, or high-risk candidates where cardiopulmonary bypass carries elevated systemic risks.
Microscopic vessel anastomoses are performed directly while the heart continues to beat naturally. Advanced vacuum suction tissue stabilizers and intracoronary shunts immobilize only the target coronary segment with precision.
By eliminating the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit, OPCAB minimizes systemic inflammatory response, reduces perioperative blood transfusion requirements, and shortens ICU stay to 1–2 days and total hospital stay to 4–5 days.
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Minimally Invasive Direct CABG (MIDCAB)

Coronary bypass through a left mini-thoracotomy, avoiding median sternotomy and preserving the breastbone.

Tailored for isolated or dominant Left Anterior Descending (LAD) artery disease, or as part of hybrid revascularization combined with percutaneous coronary stenting.
The LIMA is harvested and anastomosed to the LAD through a 5–7 cm left intercostal mini-thoracotomy between the ribs on a beating heart, completely avoiding sternotomy.
With the breastbone left untouched, patients experience minimal post-operative pain, return home in 3 to 4 days, and resume driving and light upper-body activities in 2 to 3 weeks.
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Heart Valve Repair and Replacement Surgery - Dr. Chaitanya

Heart Valve Specialist Care

Expert valve reconstruction and prosthetic replacement tailored to restore optimal heart hemodynamics.

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2. Heart Valve Disorders

Heart Valve Repair

Advanced valve reconstruction using annuloplasty rings, artificial Gore-Tex neochords, leaflet repair and other techniques to preserve the patient’s native valve whenever feasible.

Exertional breathlessness (dyspnea), severe fatigue, orthopnea (difficulty breathing lying flat), heart flutter/palpitations, and peripheral ankle or abdominal fluid retention caused by mitral, aortic, or tricuspid regurgitation.
Precision Valve Repair Arsenal:
  • Annuloplasty Rings: Reshaping and stabilizing the dilated native valve ring.
  • Gore-Tex Neochords: Replacing ruptured or elongated native chordae tendineae.
  • Leaflet Reconstruction: Triangular/quadrangular resection, patch augmentation, and cleft closure.
  • Commissurotomy: Freeing fused leaflets to restore natural mobility.
Preserving the patient's native valve retains natural left ventricular geometry and ejection fraction while eliminating the requirement for lifelong anticoagulation medication (warfarin), ensuring superior long-term survival.
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Heart Valve Replacement

Mechanical or biological valve replacement for severe aortic and mitral stenosis or regurgitation, with valve selection individualized to the patient’s age, lifestyle and clinical requirements.

Dizziness, syncope (fainting spells), angina, and severe congestive symptoms resulting from calcific aortic stenosis, severe rheumatic mitral stenosis, or extensive infective endocarditis where native leaflets cannot be reconstructed.
1. Bileaflet Mechanical Prostheses:

Pyrolytic carbon valves engineered for lifetime structural durability. Best for younger patients; requires lifelong oral anticoagulation and INR monitoring.

2. Bioprosthetic / Tissue Valves:

Advanced bovine pericardial or porcine tissue valves providing natural hemodynamics without lifelong blood thinners. Ideal for patients over 60 years or active lifestyles.

Hospital discharge in 5 to 7 days followed by progressive cardiac stamina rebuilding and structured INR anticoagulation guidance for mechanical valve recipients.
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Minimally Invasive Valve Surgery (MIVS)

Valve repair or replacement through a right mini-thoracotomy using specialized instruments and high-definition endoscopic visualization.

Suitable for isolated mitral, aortic, or tricuspid valve disease in patients seeking minimal chest trauma, smaller scars, and rapid return to professional life.
Conducted through a 5–6 cm incision in the right sub-mammary intercostal space. High-definition 3D endoscopic cameras and long-shafted micro-surgical instruments enable precise valve repair or replacement without cutting the sternum.
Patients enjoy reduced surgical trauma, lower blood transfusion rates, discharge in 3 to 4 days, and full recovery in just 3 to 4 weeks.
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Aortic Aneurysm and Vascular Surgery - Dr. Chaitanya

Aortic & Vascular Surgery

Comprehensive surgical and hybrid solutions for complex thoracic aorta, aortic root, and peripheral vascular disease.

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3. Aortic & Vascular Surgeries

Aortic Aneurysm Repair

Surgical replacement of diseased segments of the ascending aorta and aortic arch using durable synthetic vascular grafts when indicated.

Often silent until detected on 2D Echo or CT chest, or presenting with deep chest/back ache, hoarseness, or cough when dilation exceeds 5.0–5.5 cm. Timely repair prevents fatal aortic rupture.
The aneurysmal ascending aorta and arch segments are excised and reconstructed using woven Dacron synthetic vascular prostheses under cardiopulmonary bypass with neurovascular cerebral protection.
Hospital stay of 6 to 9 days with regular cardiac telemetry and blood pressure optimization, restoring long-term vascular safety and peace of mind.
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Aortic Dissection Emergency Surgery (Bentall Procedure, Hemi Arch Replacement , Total arch replacement )

Emergency surgical management of acute Type A aortic dissection, including aortic replacement, circulatory arrest and cerebral protection techniques when required.

Sudden excruciating, tearing anterior chest pain radiating to the back, acute hypotension, syncope, or unequal pulses across limbs. This is an immediate surgical emergency requiring immediate theatre transfer.
Emergency Surgical Strategies:
  • Bentall Procedure: Composite graft replacement of the aortic root, ascending aorta, and valve with coronary ostial re-implantation.
  • Hemi Arch Replacement: Resection of the distal ascending aorta and proximal aortic arch under hypothermic circulatory arrest.
  • Total Arch Replacement: Complete arch reconstruction with individual branch reimplantation using branched grafts and antegrade cerebral perfusion.
Dedicated intensive care resuscitation, organ perfusion monitoring, and lifelong strict blood pressure surveillance.
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Aortic Root & Valve-Sparing Reconstruction (David & Yacoub Procedures)

Complex aortic root reconstruction designed to treat aortic root aneurysms while preserving the patient’s native aortic valve when suitable.

Root aneurysms, Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz, and connective tissue disorders with dilated sinuses of Valsalva but structurally pliable aortic valve leaflets.

David (Reimplantation) & Yacoub (Remodeling): The diseased aortic root is excised while meticulously sparing the native valve leaflets, suspending them within a tailored Dacron graft and reattaching both coronary buttons.

Completely avoids lifelong blood thinners, preserves natural aortic valve dynamics, and delivers superior long-term survival.
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Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Surgical treatment of peripheral arterial disease, arterial occlusions, aneurysms and other complex vascular conditions affecting the upper and lower limbs.

Severe calf cramping on walking (intermittent claudication), rest pain in feet/toes, non-healing foot ulcers, or cold pulseless extremities caused by severe peripheral arterial occlusion.
Bypass grafting (e.g. Femoro-Popliteal, Aorto-Femoral, or Tibial bypass) using autologous vein or synthetic PTFE grafts, combined with surgical endarterectomy and embolectomy to restore continuous blood flow.
Rapid relief of walking pain, accelerated ulcer healing, limb preservation, and restoration of independent mobility.
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Traumatic Arterial Injury & Limb Salvage

Emergency arterial repair and reconstruction following traumatic vascular injury, with the goal of restoring circulation and preserving limb viability and function.

Pulsatile bleeding, expanding hematoma, loss of distal extremity pulses, pallor, and sensory loss following road traffic accidents, penetrating injuries, or crush trauma.
Emergency exploration, arterial shunting, microvascular end-to-end anastomosis or interposition vein grafting with fasciotomy where necessary to prevent compartment syndrome.
Immediate revascularization prevents amputation and maximizes long-term neurological and motor recovery of the affected limb.
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Hybrid Vascular Procedures

Combined open surgical and endovascular techniques for complex or multi-level vascular disease, allowing each vascular lesion to be treated with the most appropriate approach.

Extensive vascular disease involving both central inflow (iliac/aorta) and peripheral outflow (femoral/popliteal) vessels.
Simultaneous or staged catheter-based balloon angioplasty/stenting paired with targeted open surgical bypass or endarterectomy in a single operative session.
Minimizes physiological stress, avoids major multi-cavity incisions, and provides complete anatomical revascularization with shortened recovery.
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Minimally Invasive Heart Surgery - Dr. Chaitanya

Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery

Advanced small-incision keyhole cardiac procedures for faster recovery, minimal scarring, and sternal preservation.

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4. Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgeries (MICS)

MICS CABG (Keyhole Multi-Vessel Bypass)

Multi-vessel coronary bypass through small chest incisions while avoiding median sternotomy and preserving the breastbone.

Multi-vessel coronary artery blockages in patients seeking an advanced alternative to traditional open-chest sternotomy.
Multi-arterial and venous bypasses are performed via a 2- to 3-inch incision on the left side of the chest using high-definition visualization and beating-heart stabilization, leaving the breastbone completely intact.
Hospital discharge in 3 to 4 days. Patients can sleep in any position, drive, and resume active work routines within 2 to 3 weeks.
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Minimally Invasive Valve Surgery

Valve repair or replacement through a small right chest incision using specialized minimally invasive techniques and high-definition visualization.

Severe mitral, aortic, or tricuspid regurgitation/stenosis causing breathlessness and fatigue in patients suitable for limited-access surgery.
Accessed via a 5 cm right anterior mini-thoracotomy under 3D endoscopic vision, enabling ring annuloplasty, leaflet repair, or valve replacement with minimal tissue disruption.
Minimal pain, negligible risk of bone non-union, and accelerated return to work in 3 to 4 weeks.
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Minimally Invasive Congenital Heart Surgery

Selected congenital heart defects treated through small chest incisions using minimally invasive techniques, including ASD closure and repair of suitable intracardiac and pulmonary venous anomalies.

Atrial Septal Defects (ASD), Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage, and selected intracardiac lesions in pediatric and adult patients.
Corrected through a discreet sub-mammary right mini-thoracotomy incision that remains hidden beneath the breast fold, completely avoiding a midline chest scar.
Superior cosmetic outcomes, psychological comfort, shorter hospital stay of 2–3 days, and rapid normal physical development.
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Mini-Bentall Procedure (Minimally Invasive Aortic Root Replacement)

Selected aortic root aneurysms and associated aortic valve disease treated through a limited-access approach, combining aortic root replacement with valve replacement while avoiding conventional full sternotomy in appropriately selected patients.

Combined aortic root aneurysm and severe aortic valve disease in patients candidates for advanced minimally invasive root reconstruction.
Aortic root resection, valved conduit implantation, and bilateral coronary ostial reimplantation performed through an upper partial mini-sternotomy or right anterior mini-thoracotomy.
Provides the definitive curative efficacy of a classic Bentall procedure with reduced chest wall disruption, less blood loss, and faster physical recovery.
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Heart Failure and LVAD Support Surgery - Dr. Chaitanya

Heart Failure & MCS Care

Comprehensive advanced therapies, LVAD implantation, ECMO life support, and heart transplant surgical support.

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5. Advanced Heart Failure & Mechanical Support

Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD)

Implantation of a continuous-flow mechanical circulatory support device for appropriately selected patients with advanced heart failure, including Bridge-to-Transplant (BTT) and Destination Therapy (DT).

Severe NYHA Class III/IV heart failure, refractory breathlessness at rest, repeated hospital admissions, and end-organ dysfunction despite optimal guideline-directed medical therapy.

Surgical implantation of a continuous-flow centrifugal blood pump connected from the apex of the left ventricle to the ascending aorta, powered via a small abdominal driveline.

  • Bridge-to-Transplant (BTT): Stabilizing hemodynamics and organ perfusion while on the donor waitlist.
  • Destination Therapy (DT): Long-term permanent mechanical therapy for patients ineligible for transplantation.
Comprehensive driveline education, cardiac rehabilitation, and dramatic functional recovery allowing active social living and family independence.
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ECMO & Advanced Mechanical Circulatory Support

Extracorporeal life support for selected patients with severe cardiac, respiratory or combined heart-lung failure when conventional treatment is insufficient. VA-ECMO provides circulatory and respiratory support, while VV-ECMO provides respiratory support in appropriate patients.

Refractory cardiogenic shock, post-cardiotomy shock, severe myocarditis, massive pulmonary embolism, or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) unresponsive to mechanical ventilation.
  • VA-ECMO (Veno-Arterial): Drains deoxygenated venous blood and pumps oxygenated blood into the arterial system, replacing both cardiac pumping and pulmonary gas exchange.
  • VV-ECMO (Veno-Venous): Drains venous blood, oxygenates it via an external membrane lung, and returns it to the venous system to support severe isolated lung failure.
Serves as a vital "bridge to recovery", "bridge to LVAD", or "bridge to transplant" with round-the-clock perfusionist and cardiac ICU monitoring.
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Heart Transplantation Surgical Support

Surgical support for evaluation and management of patients with end-stage heart failure requiring heart transplantation, including perioperative mechanical circulatory support when indicated.

End-stage ischemic or dilated cardiomyopathy with severe systolic dysfunction refractory to medical therapy and conventional revascularization.
Orthotopic bicaval heart transplantation with seamless surgical anastomosis of the donor aorta, pulmonary artery, left atrium, and superior/inferior vena cavae under tight ischemic time protocols.
Specialized post-transplant intensive care monitoring, comprehensive immunosuppressive management, and structured follow-up restoring longevity and high functional quality of life.
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Adult and Pediatric Congenital Heart Surgery - Dr. Chaitanya

Congenital Defect Repair

Specialized pediatric and adult surgical corrections for simple and complex structural heart defects.

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6. Congenital Heart Defect Surgeries

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) Closure

Surgical closure of suitable atrial septal defects with careful assessment of cardiac anatomy and associated lesions.

Fatigue, reduced exercise capacity, palpitations, recurrent respiratory infections, and right heart volume overload caused by left-to-right interatrial shunting.
Direct suture closure or autologous pericardial patch closure under cardiopulmonary bypass, achievable via conventional access or minimally invasive right mini-thoracotomy.
Hospital stay of 3 to 4 days with complete normalization of intracardiac pressures and long-term protection against pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection (PAPVC) Repair

Surgical redirection of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage to the left atrium, with correction of associated atrial septal defects when present.

One or more pulmonary veins abnormally drain into the superior vena cava or right atrium (often with sinus venosus ASD), causing right heart enlargement.
Creation of an internal pericardial baffle (Warden procedure or single/double patch repair) to redirect pulmonary venous blood into the left atrium without narrowing the superior vena cava.
Full restoration of normal physiological circulation, preservation of sinus node function, and recovery in 4 to 6 days.
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Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection (TAPVC) Repair

Definitive surgical correction to establish unobstructed pulmonary venous drainage into the left atrium, with management tailored to the anatomical subtype and clinical condition.

Critical neonatal or infant cyanosis and tachypnea categorized into Supracardiac, Cardiac, Infracardiac, or Mixed TAPVC subtypes.
Wide, tension-free side-to-side anastomosis between the common pulmonary venous confluence and the back of the left atrium, ligation of the vertical draining vein, and patch closure of the ASD.
Establishes unobstructed pulmonary venous return, immediate oxygenation recovery, and outstanding long-term developmental growth.
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Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) Closure

Surgical patch closure of suitable ventricular septal defects with careful preservation of the cardiac conduction system and surrounding structures.

Rapid breathing (tachypnea), poor infant feeding, loud pansystolic murmur, and progressive pulmonary vascular over-circulation from interventricular left-to-right shunting.
Precision trans-atrial patch closure using Dacron or autologous pericardium with meticulous stitch placement to avoid the AV conduction bundle and aortic valve cusp.
Hospital stay of 4 to 6 days. Completely eliminates ventricular volume overload and permits normal active physical growth.
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Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) Total Correction

Comprehensive repair addressing the ventricular septal defect, right ventricular outflow obstruction and associated pulmonary valve or pulmonary artery abnormalities according to individual anatomy.

Central cyanosis ("blue baby"), hypercyanotic tet spells, clubbing, and exertional squatting caused by the four combined anatomical defects.
Single-stage comprehensive repair: patch closure of the large VSD, resection of hypertrophied infundibular muscle, and pulmonary valve commissurotomy or transannular patch widening to relieve RV outflow tract obstruction.
Immediate normalization of arterial oxygen saturation (98–100%) with dramatic stamina improvement and long-term athletic capability.
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Other Selected Congenital Heart Defects

Surgical management of appropriate congenital cardiac lesions based on individual anatomy, physiology and age, with a tailored approach to each patient.

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA), Coarctation of the Aorta, Cor Triatriatum, Ruptured Sinus of Valsalva (RSOV), and adult congenital heart disease anomalies.
Individualized surgical correction including PDA ligation/division, aortic coarctation resection with end-to-end anastomosis, or intracardiac membrane excision.
Multidisciplinary pediatric/adult congenital team follow-up ensuring complete hemodynamic recovery and normal life expectancy.
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Arrhythmia Surgery and Pacemaker Implantation - Dr. Chaitanya

Arrhythmia & Rhythm Care

Surgical Cox-Maze IV ablation, permanent pacemaker lead placement, and synchronized rhythm correction.

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7. Arrhythmia & Cardiac Rhythm Surgery

Cox-Maze IV Surgical Ablation

Surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation using bipolar radiofrequency and/or cryoablation techniques, with left atrial appendage management when indicated.

Palpitations, irregular racing pulse, fatigue, and highly elevated lifetime risk of embolic stroke resulting from chronic atrial fibrillation (AFib).

Transmural electrical lesion lines are applied across the atria using bipolar radiofrequency clamps and/or cryoprobes, alongside surgical exclusion or clip occlusion of the Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) to eliminate clot formation.

Restores regular sinus rhythm in up to 85–90% of patients, reducing long-term dependence on anti-arrhythmic and blood-thinning medications.
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Epicardial & Permanent Pacemaker Implantation

Surgical epicardial or transvenous pacemaker lead placement for selected patients with complete heart block, symptomatic bradycardia or other rhythm disorders requiring permanent pacing.

Severe bradycardia (<40 bpm), complete AV block, sick sinus syndrome, fainting spells (Stokes-Adams syncope), and profound weakness.
Placement of transvenous endocardial leads or surgical epicardial leads attached directly to the myocardium, connected to a sub-pectoral generator pocket.
Discharge within 24–48 hours with immediate restoration of steady cardiac rhythm and wireless device telemetry monitoring.
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Pericardiectomy and Pericardial Surgery - Dr. Chaitanya

Pericardial Disease Care

Specialized pericardiectomy and surgical subxiphoid drainage to relieve constriction and fluid accumulation.

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8. Pericardial Diseases

Pericardiectomy (Pericardial Stripping)

Surgical removal of the diseased and constricting pericardium to relieve impaired cardiac filling in patients with suitable forms of constrictive pericarditis.

Persistent leg edema, abdominal ascites, elevated jugular venous pressure (JVP), and fatigue caused by a rigid, thickened, or calcified fibrocalcific pericardium encasing the heart.
Radical total pericardial excision from phrenic nerve to phrenic nerve, meticulously freeing both the right and left ventricles, atria, and great vessels from the constricting fibrotic shell.
Immediate drop in central venous pressures, rapid resolution of fluid retention and abdominal fullness, and progressive return of cardiac stamina.
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Pericardial Window / Subxiphoid Drainage

Surgical drainage and, when required, biopsy of significant or recurrent pericardial effusions to relieve cardiac compression and prevent recurrence.

Acute dyspnea, tachycardia, hypotension, muffled heart sounds, and pulsus paradoxus from life-threatening cardiac tamponade or massive recurrent pericardial effusions.
Creation of a surgical drainage window via a small subxiphoid or video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) incision, releasing pericardial fluid into the pleural space while obtaining diagnostic tissue biopsy.
Immediate hemodynamic decompression and blood pressure normalization, with discharge in 2 to 3 days.
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